Lessons from seven years of remote work
Tyler Cipriani Posted

The inspiration for this post is Željko Filipin’s post on the same topic.

Nobody worked remotely during the pandemic, but everybody worked from home.

During the pandemic, office workers had to adjust to working out of their homes. But remote work is different: you’re not working from home, necessarily; you’re working while seperated from a lively, in-person office. You might be in the same city as your co-workers or on the other side of the world.

When you’re physically disconnected from your colleagues, you have to build new skills and adapt your tactics. This is advice I wish I’d had seven years ago when I started working remotely.

Asynchronous communication

Office workers have the luxury of hallway conversations. In an in-person office, getting feedback takes mere minutes. But in a remote work position where you may be on the other side of the planet, communication may take overnight.

To be effective, you need to master asynchronous communication. This means:

Timezones suck

I wish this section was as simple as saying: use UTC for everything, but it’s never that easy. You should definitely give meeting times to people in UTC, but you should tie meetings to a local timezone. The alternative is that your meetings shift by an hour twice a year due to daylight savings.

This all gets more complicated the more countries you have involved.

While the United States ends daylight savings time on the first Sunday in November, many countries in Europe end daylight savings on the last Sunday in October, creating a daylight confusion time.

During daylight confusion time, meetings made by Americans may shift by an hour for Europeans and vice-versa.

I think the only thing to learn from this section is: you’ll mess it up.

Space and Nice tools

Function often follows form. Give yourself a context for capturing thoughts, and thoughts will occur that you don’t yet know you have

– David Allen, Getting Things Done

Working from the kitchen table is unsustainable for your mental health and your back. You need a space that’s primary function is your work, and that space needs to have tools that are a joy to use.

Splurge a bit on tools you’ll use every day: your chair, keyboard, monitor, headphones, webcam, and microphone. These purchases quickly fade into the background of your life. Still, if you ever have to work outside your home office again, you’ll realize how these tools enable your best work.

Buy a nice notebook, and don’t be afraid to absolutely destroy it. I prefer the Leuchtturm 1917 notebooks, but I’m currently trying out the JetPen’s Tomoe River 52 gsm Kanso Noto Notebook. Writing is thinking, and you’ll find your thinking is sharper if you start with pen-and-paper first.

“The beginning of wisdom,” according to a West African proverb, “is to get you a roof.”

– Annie Dillard, The Writing Life

The most important property of your permanent workspace is that it has ample and appropriate light for video calls.

Apart from that, I prefer having a door, but then again, I have a dog and a cat, so your mileage may vary.

Useful photography for beginners
Tyler Cipriani Posted
❄️ Snowflake macro photo (Tyler Cipriani — CC-BY-SA-4.0 — Original)

The implicit agreement [of social media] is that in return for receiving (for the most part, undeserved) attention from your friends and followers, you’ll return the favor by lavishing (similarly undeserved) attention on them. You “like” my status update and I’ll “like” yours.

– Cal Newport, Deep Work

Nobody cares about most of your photos on social media. Sure, likes and social updoots are gratifying, and documenting your life may be useful in some sense, but that’s not what I mean when I call a photo useful.

Useful photos abstract ideas and subjects. Researchers, journalists, and encyclopedia authors push the boundaries of our understanding with useful pictures. If this all sounds grandiose — it is, but it’s within reach of the dedicated amateur.

This is a short guide to getting started taking useful pictures.

What is a useful picture?

A great architect’s creative power […] lies in his capacity to observe correctly and deeply.

– Christopher Alexander, A Timeless Way of Building

A useful photograph is technically sound; focuses on a single, important subject; and makes its subject obvious. Most people will never create a useful picture because they don’t have the know-how.

International Space Station solar transit (Tyler Cipriani — CC-BY-SA-4.0 — Original)

It’s easy to make a useful picture when you focus on your subject. Focus means picking a single subject and highlighting it. Social media pictures aren’t useful because the subject is always both: you and your subject. You ate dal makhani vs. this is dal makhani. This subtle shift changes a thousand little technical choices.

A useful picture is the result of good technical choices (this is a summary of the Wikimedia Commons image guidelines):

  • The subject is in focus
  • The subject is the most prominent thing in the image
  • Depth of field (i.e., a blurred background) should have a purpose (e.g., to isolate the subject)
  • You’ve appropriately lit your subject (avoid harsh light, ensure it’s light enough to see)
  • The colors are natural, balanced, and attractive
  • The exposure is correct; you don’t lose details in dark or light areas
  • Distorted and blurred image areas should have a purpose (e.g., to show motion) — if it looks wrong, it is wrong
  • Digital image editing should make an image look more real, not more surreal (use HDR sparingly)

How to buy a useful camera

First off, a useful camera is a camera, not a phone. Buy a camera. When a picture matters and people have a choice, they rarely choose to use a phone instead of a camera: presidential portraits, for example, are never shot using an iPhone.

Featured Pictures are the best photos on Wikimedia Commons. At the time of this writing, only 0.019% of the almost eight million pictures on the site were “Featured Pictures”—the best of the best. I looked at more than 12,000 of these pictures (you can find my database of EXIF data on GitLab) you know how many were iPhoneography? Three. These three:

Gulls on Morro Strand State Beach — CC-BY-2.0 by Mike Baird Izvori na Crn Drim, Chun — CC-BY-SA-3.0 by Taskosmileski Celing of Wien Hauptbahnhof (Vienna Main Station), Austria 01 — CC-BY-SA-4.0 by Jules Verne Times Two

What do those three pictures have in common? Their subject is human-scaled; it fills the frame, is well illuminated, and is close to them. If you’re dealing with subjects that don’t match those criteria, your phone picture probably won’t be useful.

For example, try to take a picture of any of the following on your smartphone (without any extra equipment):

  • A fly, super up-close
  • The moon or the stars
  • A bird in a tree
  • A mountain in the distance
Wikimedia Commons Featured Pictures by camera make — smartphones are poorly represented (Original data)

The characteristics of a good camera:

  • Interchangeable lenses
  • Manual mode
  • Intervalometer (either built-in or sold separately)

You don’t need a top-of-the-line camera to take a useful picture. The data I collected about Featured Pictures confirms this. You can find a camera matching these criteria for about $100, used. The most popular Nikon in the data (the d5200) is available on eBay for about $150, and its predecessor, the d5100, is even more affordable. A Canon 500d (also popular in the data) is less than $100, lens included. These cameras are a good starting point for beginners.

Edit your photos

In the book Atomic Habits, author James Clear tells the story of photography teacher Jerry Uelsmann’s experiment with his class at the University of Florida:

Everyone on the left side of the classroom, he explained, would be in the “quantity” group. They would be graded solely on the amount of work they produced. […] Meanwhile, everyone on the right side of the room would be in the “quality” group. They would be graded only on the excellence of their work. […] At the end of the term, he was surprised to find that all the best photos were produced by the quantity group.

– James Clear, Atomic Habits

The point of the story is deliberate practice produces results. You might think this means if you take more photos, you’ll take better photos. But the students in the class weren’t only taking pictures; they submitted these pictures and got feedback on them.

When I first started photography, I spent a lot of time focusing on quantity (and I still do, according to exiftool -ShutterCount, I took 3,100 pictures between Nov 2020 and Nov 2021). But you should practice creating final, edited images to the best of your ability, too. Still, you’ll need honest feedback to improve.

I’ve received honest feedback whenever I nominate my pictures for either Quality Image or Featured Picture on Wikimedia Commons. The process is very impartial (and often demoralizing), but when persnickety strangers on one of the largest photo websites in the world agree your image is useful: it probably is.

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Dec 2021
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